Publications
& Papers

The I.C.2E white paper describes a reverse-flow dual-spool ejector-fan outrunner propulsion unit that turns a large central bore into an active secondary flowpath, using an inner booster, annular plenum, and shaped bore slots to improve installed thrust density, thermal endurance, and integration value. It is framed as a modular, instrumented architecture for heavy-lift drones, ring-wing aircraft, and distributed eVTOLs, with a strong emphasis on measured validation, graceful degradation, and whole-system co-design of aerodynamics, structure, electronics, and cooling.

The white paper proposes an articulated ring-wing eVTOL architecture built from modular annulus buses that each carry 18 or 19 rotor stations, with the ring serving simultaneously as the primary load path, electrical backbone, and control-allocation primitive. Its main contribution is a scalable structural and systems framework for improving redundancy, load sharing, payload stability, and maintainability in high-rotor-count aircraft, while keeping the design grounded in explicit sizing, FEA, wiring, and verification logic.

Presented at DICUAM 2026 (Delft International Conference on Urban Air Mobility), 25–27 March 2026, Art Center Delft. The UAM design space is crowded with parallel, partially incompatible sizing frameworks — making cross-comparison hard and slowing community convergence. This paper introduces the UCM–Multicopter: a fully equation-based Newton iteration solver any researcher can replicate without proprietary tools; multicopter-specific 2nd-order component build-up covering booms, wiring, and motors; an electrical feasibility and deterministic parts-selection layer; and a full 18-propeller over-actuated control allocation formulation exported in machine-readable JSON. Benchmarked against VoloCity and EHang 184, the baseline converges to an 18-propeller, 3-occupant multicopter at m₀ ≈ 1,210 kg, with battery mass as the dominant feasibility driver — a parameterized, traceable, open starting point for the community.

Aerial MECHANICA’s white paper presents a disturbance-aware guidance, navigation, and flight control system for high-rotor-count articulated ring-wing eVTOLs, built around an interaction-aware thrust model, deterministic control allocation, disturbance attribution, and an optional robust sensing overlay. Its core idea is that in tightly coupled distributed propulsion, the controller should not just stabilize flight, but also manage load, health, acoustics, and reconfiguration in real time.

An RL-based flight control system for electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, designed for agricultural use. Using Wolfram System Modeler, the drone's quad propulsion ring configuration was modeled to simulate dynamics on a one-dimensional vertical axis. A neural network agent was trained to maintain hover by choosing accelerate, decelerate, or hold actions from observed height and velocity. Training integrated System Modeler with Mathematica to query state, simulate steps, compute rewards, and optimize the policy network. The trained policy demonstrated effective hover and trajectory tracking; future work targets advanced algorithms such as DaLI and deterministic dynamics via Koopman forecast and SiNDY Autoencoder.